Rothaermel Exercise 1 Essay Essay Example

Rothaermel Exercise 1 Essay Essay GROUP CASE STUDY 1 INSTRUCTIONS Complete a instance survey of ABC Corporation ( your teacher will delegate the specific company for the instance survey at the beginning of Module/Week 3 ) in the instance subdivision of the text ( e. g. Case Number 1 ) . A formal. in-depth instance survey analysis requires you to use the full strategic direction procedure. Assume your group is a confer withing squad asked by the ABC Corporation to analyse its external/internal environment and do strategic recommendations. You must include exhibits to back up your analysis and recommendations. The instance survey must include these constituents: We will write a custom essay sample on Rothaermel Exercise 1 Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Rothaermel Exercise 1 Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Rothaermel Exercise 1 Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 10–12 pages of text plus the exhibitsCover page ( must include the company name. your group name. a list of the active squad members and the day of the month of entry. and a mentions page ; the papers must follow current APA guidelines )Matrixs. which must be exhibits/attachments in the appendix and non portion of the organic structure of the analysis ( The Strategy Club has first-class templates/examples for exhibits and matrices: hypertext transfer protocol: //strategyclub. com/free-student-template/ ) Case survey deliverables ( text must follow this order with APA degree headers for each constituent ) : Executive SummaryExisting mission. aims. and schemesA new mission statement ( include the figure of the constituent in parenthesis before turn toing that constituent ) Great mission statements address these nine constituents:Customers: Who are the firm’s clients?Merchandises or services: What are the firm’s major merchandises or services?Markets: Geographically. where does the house compete?Technology: Is the house technologically current?Concern for endurance. growing. and profitableness: Is the house committed to growing and fiscal soundness?Doctrine: What are the basic beliefs. values. aspirations. and ethical precedences of the house?Self-concept: What is the firm’s typical competency or major competitory advantage?Concern for public image: Is the steadfast responsive to societal. community. and environmental concerns?Concern for employees: Are employees a valuable plus of the house?Analysis of the firm’s bing concern theoretical account SWOT Analysis ( comes from researching the house. industry. and rivals ) It is of import to cognize the difference between causes and effects in the SWOT analysis. Causes are of import. non effects. Once the SWOT Analysis is created. each group needs to build the SWOT Bivariate Strategy Matrix. Deliverables for this subdivision include: SWOT AnalysisInternal Factor Evaluation ( IFE ) MatrixExternal Factor Evaluation ( EFE ) MatrixSWOT Bivariate Strategy MatrixBCG Matrix ( follow the Strategy Club’s templet. non the textbook’s format )Competitive forces. Competitive Profile Matrix ( CPM ) . and competitor’s ratios Deliverables for this subdivision include:Competitive forces analysisCPM and analysisCompetitor’s ratios and analyisCurrent and historical Financial Statements ( Income Statement ( I/S ) . Balance Sheet ( B/S ) and Statement of Cash Flows ) from the three most current old ages for the house The fiscal statements must include alterations ( deltas ) between old ages. Ratios from the most current and available three old ages with deltas and analysisAlternate schemes ( giving advantages and options for each )Pro-Forma Financial Statements ( I/S. B/S and Statement of Cash Flows ) with deltas out three old ages and analysis Each twelvemonth must hold two columns: one with your scheme and one without your scheme. Include Pro-Forma ratios for the first twelvemonth out with deltas contrasting from the most current year’s ratios.Net Present Value analysis of proposed strategy’s new hard currency flow and EPS/EBIT analysis Note: To build the first hard currency flow ( cf1 ) at the really minimal. the new gross from your scheme ( s ) must be discounted back to the present value by ciphering EBIT and that figure will be your cfn for each twelvemonth. cf0 ( initial cost of your scheme ) . cf1 ( discounted hard currency flow foremost twelvemonth ) . R ( chance cost of capital. the rate of the following best alternate usage of cash/debt/equity resources ) . NPV=-?cf?_0+ ?cf?_1/ ( 1+r ) ^1 +?cf?_2/ ( 1+r ) ^2 +?cf?_3/ ( 1+r ) ^3 †¦?cf?_n/ ( 1+r ) ^nSpecific recommended scheme and long term aimsExplain why you chose the scheme. and discourse how much the scheme will be to implement and how much new gross your scheme will make. Include your action timetable docket for carry throughing your scheme. Proposed new concern theoretical accountHave your group leader topographic point the consequences of the instance survey analysis in a individual papers and station it to the Group Case Study 1 forum on your Group Discussion Board. Late assignments will non be accepted. Submit this assignment by 11:59 autopsy ( ET ) on Sunday of Module/Week 4.

Free Essays on Generation X

Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture. By Douglas Coupland. (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991). Coupland illuminates the nineteen eighties by utilizing characters Andy, Clair, and Dag to construct a literary portrait of their generation. The job market, consumerism, and literary terms each contribute to identifying the 1980s generation that came of age. Generation X presents the post baby boomer generation who lost the â€Å"genetic lottery† causing job dissatisfaction, baby boomer resentment, and the search for something different. Dag’s story illustrates the X generation job market headed by those such as his boss, which Dag explains â€Å"Now, Martin, like most embittered ex-hippies, is a yuppie, and I have no idea how you’re supposed to relate to those people.† Dag furthers yuppie classification as, â€Å"Dickoids like Martin who snap like wolverines on speed when they can’t have a restaurant’s window seat in the nonsmoking section with cloth napkins† (21). As his story continues in the chapter titled â€Å"Quit Your Job† Dag reflects baby boomer resentment but first he explains to Dickoid Martin, â€Å"Well, if I’m going to quit anyway, might as well get a thing or two off my chest.† Following Dickoid’s (Martin) astonished response Dag asks, â€Å"do you really think we enjoy hearing about your brand new million-dollar home when we can barely afford to eat Kraft Dinner sandwiches in our own grimy little shoe boxes and we’re push ing thirty? A home you won in a genetic lottery, I might add, sheerly by dint of your having been born at the right time in history? You’d last about ten minutes if you were my age these days, Martin† (21). This story is especially important because it displays separation in occupational potential between the superior baby boomers vs. the inferior X generation. Most importantly Dag is unsatisfied with his job therefore providing an important aspect of his generation. A... Free Essays on Generation X Free Essays on Generation X Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture. By Douglas Coupland. (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991). Coupland illuminates the nineteen eighties by utilizing characters Andy, Clair, and Dag to construct a literary portrait of their generation. The job market, consumerism, and literary terms each contribute to identifying the 1980s generation that came of age. Generation X presents the post baby boomer generation who lost the â€Å"genetic lottery† causing job dissatisfaction, baby boomer resentment, and the search for something different. Dag’s story illustrates the X generation job market headed by those such as his boss, which Dag explains â€Å"Now, Martin, like most embittered ex-hippies, is a yuppie, and I have no idea how you’re supposed to relate to those people.† Dag furthers yuppie classification as, â€Å"Dickoids like Martin who snap like wolverines on speed when they can’t have a restaurant’s window seat in the nonsmoking section with cloth napkins† (21). As his story continues in the chapter titled â€Å"Quit Your Job† Dag reflects baby boomer resentment but first he explains to Dickoid Martin, â€Å"Well, if I’m going to quit anyway, might as well get a thing or two off my chest.† Following Dickoid’s (Martin) astonished response Dag asks, â€Å"do you really think we enjoy hearing about your brand new million-dollar home when we can barely afford to eat Kraft Dinner sandwiches in our own grimy little shoe boxes and we’re push ing thirty? A home you won in a genetic lottery, I might add, sheerly by dint of your having been born at the right time in history? You’d last about ten minutes if you were my age these days, Martin† (21). This story is especially important because it displays separation in occupational potential between the superior baby boomers vs. the inferior X generation. Most importantly Dag is unsatisfied with his job therefore providing an important aspect of his generation. A...

Course Design Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Course Design - Coursework Example Following all the instructions as I have spelled out in either the assignments or in term papers is also important in order to do well in this course. Attendance is also a MUST and every student is expected to observe this without fail. As stipulated in the institution’s policy every student is expected to observe and maintain a high level of diligence while attending the classes. The course requires a lot of research and students are encouraged to work in groups to conduct the stipulated research and make the best inferences from the research conducted. Students are also encouraged to enjoy the learning experience and link the studies to their daily activities and situations to maximize on the learning objectives of this course. It is my belief that the students are well versed with the technological advancements that have been propagated by East Asia in the recent past. East Asia is leading in the amounts of products manufactured per year and therefore they are able to boost their economies accordingly. Am also assuming that every person has gone through the pre-requisite units before taking up this unit and therefore you are all well-versed with the background information and skills to pursue and take the unit. Research is an essential part of this course and I am assuming that all of you have learnt the research methods and are equipped with the skills to conduct a conclusive research on this course. I will facilitate the learning and give you ample knowledge on the unit so that you can take up and conduct the research on your own since I believe the best learning method is through involving the students in the learning process thereby making it more student oriented. Omvedt, G., Kelkar, G., & Asian Institute of Technology. (1995).  Gender and technology: Emerging visions from Asia. Bangkok, Thailand: Gender and Development

Manifesto for the Eradication of Weapons of Lung Destruction Essay

Manifesto for the Eradication of Weapons of Lung Destruction - Essay Example The greatness of freedom is that we are free to commit atrocities upon ourselves, yet not many people would sign up for the freedom to harm or kill as many people around them as possible. Why then are smokers allowed to do so We hunt down terrorists because they take innocent lives; the US declared war not only on Al Qaeda who took under 3000 lives in the World Trade Center bombings on September 11, 2001, but also on terrorists in general, including Afghanistan and Iraq. So why do we allow environmental terrorists, viz. smokers to escape with using weapons of lung destruction to take the lives of 3000 non-smokers per year, and not to mention the 35000 who die from heart disease every year The environmental Chernobyl disaster engendered public outrage and instigated new laws, yet we hesitate to implement laws to ban the equally dangerous and insidious smoking in public places, which is associated with approximately 14000 new asthma cases in children and 230000 new cases of bronchitis and pneumonia in children under 18 months old.

Creational Design Patterns in Detailed Design and Design Logic Essay

Creational Design Patterns in Detailed Design and Design Logic Patterns - Essay Example The benefit from this is that it allows creation of new derived types without requiring any changes to code that use base class. Factory method is a popular creational design pattern in object-oriented programming and it helps to put into practice the concept of factories. The design pattern may be specifically used to deal with problem of object creation without specifying exact number of object classes that would be created. This method is used when object creation and reuse becomes impossible without duplication of code (Otero, pp.188-189). It is a popular object creation software design pattern that aims to find solution to telescopic constructor anti pattern. This phenomenon of anti-pattern occurs when increase of constructor object parameter leads to list of exponential constructors. Thus, instead of using frequent constructors the builder pattern uses another builder object that takes initialization parameter sequentially returns resultant output object at once. It is a creational design pattern in the field of software development that is popularly used when object type is determined from prototype instance cloned for producing new objects. Abstract classes are required to implement this pattern that uses pure virtual clone method (Otero, pp.201-203). In software engineering, this design pattern restricts classes to be instantiated to objects. The pattern is very useful when one object needs to coordinate actions across system. The pattern generalizes systems that operates more efficiently with single object and restricts instantiation up to limited number of objects. It organizes business logic by particular routines handling single request from presentation layer and is the most common way of writing applications for beginners. Language semantics can be used to identify and express tasks and common routines may be broken into

Histidine Synthesis: An Overview of Research

Histidine Synthesis: An Overview of Research Histidine Synthesis Kathryn McCallister The study of the biosynthetic pathway leading to synthesis of the amino acid histidine in prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes was begun more than 40 years ago and has resulted in the unraveling of many fundamental mechanisms of biology (1). With this it can be assumed that much of the pathway is known or is in the process of becoming known. What is to be discussed is the pathway itself, which has been studied extensively in E. coli and S. typhimurium. While many may not understand why this pathway is important in the body it should not be understated that this is a very important pathway. Histidine is an essential amino acid. Histidine metabolism has been extensively researched and many articles have been published about the numerous effects of having deficient or excessive histidine in the blood. This paper will go over the flow of the pathway in detail from the beginning to the end result, Histidine. Histidine is something that is very important in the human body and this will be rev ealed later in the paper. Now the portion of the pathway to be discussed is the portion in which Histidine is made into Carnosine. Now in order to discuss this portion of the pathway we must first find out how we make Histidine in the first place. This pathway also occurs in prokaryotes which are the main organism in which this pathway has been studied. The disease that we will be focusing on is Carnosinemia. This disease is caused by a deficient amount of histidine in the body. Lastly we will discuss the prevalence of this disease in society and how this could potentially affect the population in the future. The histidine system is an important system in the body. It has also helped with other theories. The histidine system was of the utmost importance in the definition and refinement of the operon theory (1). In order to understand this theory you first must understand what an operon is. An operon contains a group of genes that code for enzymes involved in a metabolic pathway (2). This is very important in the processes of the organism. The operon helps the cell conserve energy. The operon theory was first proposed by the French microbiologist Franà §ois Jacob and Jacques Monod in the early 1960s (2). While this seems irrelevant in fact, it has been calculated that 41 ATP molecules are sacrificed for each histidine molecule made (1). With that kind of energy needed it’s no wonder that the majority of Histidine comes from diet. Histidine is a costly amino acid to produce, so in order for the body to maintain itself it has to be able to take Histidine from the food in which we eat . If enough of this amino acid is not taken in then it could potentially cause problems. Histidine is one of the most important substances in the body only because it can be converted into other things one of which is really important in the body, haemoglobin. Furthermore, it is involved in various metabolic reactions and hence ensures indirectly the oxygen supply to all the organs and tissues (3). Without oxygen the body would eventually begin to shut down. In particular, in the well-known yeast S. cerevisiae, the seven genes responsible for the biosynthesis of histidine are located on six different chromosomes (1). Now this is very different than in Archaebacteria. The his genes in archaebacterial are less well known than in eubacteria; only three his genes have been recognized in just four species, three of them belonging to the genus Methanococcus and one to Halobacterium (1). This is interesting since there are seven genes. The demonstration that hisI and hisE is, in fact, a single gene (now hisI) brought the genes to eight and the steps to 10 (1). Quickly covering these steps is no easy task, but below is an attempt to do so. The first reaction in histidine biosynthesis is the condensation of ATP and 5-phophoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) to form N’-5’-phosphoribosyl-ATP (PRATP) (1). This key reaction is involved in feedback inhibition. The second step in histidine biosynthesis is the condensation of PRATP into PRAMP. From PRAMP the synthesis produces BBMII. The fourth step of the pathway is an internal redox reaction, also known as Amadori rearrangement, involving the isomerization of the aminoaldose 5’-ProFAR to the aminoketose N’-[(5’-phosphoribulosyl)-formimino]-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-ribonucleotide (5’-PRFAR or BBMIII) (1). This is then synthesized into imidazole-glycerol-phosphate, also known as IGP. AICAR, which is produced in the reaction catalyzed by the IGP synthase, is recycled into the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway (1). From there it is dehydrated and the resulting enol is ketonized nonenzymatically to imidazole-acetol-phosphate (IAP) (1). The seventh step of this pathway is a reversible one in which IAP is involved. The reaction leads to the production of ÃŽ ±-ketoglutarate and L-histidinol-phosphate (HOL-P) (1). From there it loses the phosphate and becomes L-histidinol (HOL). HOL is oxidized and becomes L-histidinal, which is an unstable portion of the pathway. From there it proceeds to histidine by way of a transferase, or in other words it moves the intermediate to another site on the chain. Nevertheless, the two initial substrates of histidine biosynthesis, PRPP and ATP, play a key role in intermediate and energetic metabolism and link this pathway to the biosynthesis of purines, pyrimidines, pyridine nucleotide, folates, and tryptophan (1). Klem and Davisson found that the protein encoded by the hisF gene has an ammoni-dependent activity that is responsible for the conversion of PRFAR to AICAR and IFP, while the product of the hisH gene had no detectable catalytic properties. However, in combination, the two proteins were able to carry out the reaction in the presence of glutamine as a nitrogen donor without releasing any free metabolic intermediate (1). Final identification was generally achieved from DNA and protein sequence comparison with the E. coli counterparts, assuming, as it is widely accepted, the the biosynthetic pathway is fundamentally the same in all organisms (1). This later may be associated with dietary factors, since it is known that histidinuria may be present after a heavy protein meal especially in children; it is also increased during pregnancy and at the beginning of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (9). This is interesting to note because this study was done in 1962 ns was based on a urine analysis of the mentally defective population of Northern Ireland. This study proposed that there were approximately 4,000 people under the care of the Northern Ireland Hospitals Authority during this study. In the 2,081 urines examined there were two cases of very severe generalized aminoaciduria and 36 cases of moderate severity; these latter are of ‘central cluster’ pattern involving glycine, serine, alanine, glutamine and/or glutamic acid, histidine, threonine and sometimes taurine (9). While these numbers may seem insignificant when you take that throughout the whole population who may not know that they have a deficiency, t he numbers translate to 1.8% of the population. It is appreciated that many of the above amino-acidurias may have a metabolic basis quite unrelated to mental retardation, and it is hoped to study these cases in detail (9). This is later confirmed by further testing. The portion of the pathway that will be discussed is from Histidine to Carnosine. This may seem unrelated but Carnosinemia is caused by a lack of Histidine because it is partially made up of Histidine. Without Histidine there can be no Carnosine made. One of the genes that have recently been linked to diabetic nephropathy is Carnosine dipeptidase-1 (6). This is just one of the problems that carnosinemia could potentially cause in the human body. In humans, circulating Carnosine is readily degraded by the highly active serum carnosinase enzyme, which is secreted from the liver into the plasma (6). Without Carnosine this enzyme isn’t able to function properly. Carnosinase is a true dipeptidase and this was discovered in an experiment that was published in 1985. Human tissue carnosinase (EC 3.4.13.3) had optimum activity at pH 9.5 and was a cysteine peptidase, being activated by dithiothreitol and inhibited by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (7). While pH may be manipulated in a lab, ou r body adjusts our pH everyday on a cellular level in order to work at maximum capacity at all times. Carnosine could hold the potential to protect type 2 diabetics from some of the complications associated with nerve damage. From these genetic data in human patients, it was hypothesized that L-Carnosine serum levels are associated with the risk for late complications of diabetic disease and that L-Carnosine acts as a protective factor (6). This is interesting to note since most symptoms associated with low amino acid levels involve some sort of nerve problem. The researchers hypothesized that L-Carnosine may be a protective factor when it comes to diabetic patients and their potential nerve problems associated with type 2 diabetes. In the results they found that mice that were supplemented with L-Carnosine had later onset diabetes and was much milder than anticipated. Their conclusion was that hCN1-dependent susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy may at least in part be mediated by altered glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic patients (6). It has been found that Carnosine not only protects against type 2 diabetes but also with LDL and high cholesterol. In an experiment published in 2007 it was found that Carnosine was able to lower LDL without the dangerous accumulation of cholesterol that many drugs on the market cause. The key finding of the current study is that Carnosine and its constituents are effective at equimolar concentrations to the modifying agent, out data suggests that Carnosine and its constituents may serve as effective scavengers of carbonyl compounds and inhibitors of protein glycation in vivo, and as potential therapeutic agents to inhibit diabetes-induced atherosclerosis. (5). That is why Carnosine is so important in the human body. Now managing this disease isn’t as simple as just ingesting more histidine or Carnosine. There is no known cure for carnosinemia. They are still trying to figure out what causes carnosinemia. The signs and symptoms of carnosinemia are: aminoaciduria, cognitive impairment, developmental regress, EEG abnormality, seizures, autosomal recessive inheritance, carnosinuria, generalized myoclonic seizures, and intellectual disability (12). Most of the symptoms as stated have to do with the brain and its functions, and this is very similar to a number of other diseases that have to do with amino acid deficiency. Unfortunately as stated there is no known cure or management for this disease. Unfortunately only about 30 cases have been reported to date so not a lot of people even know that this disease exists. So far, all genetically determined diseases due to primarily to an enzyme deficiency are inherited by recessive or sex-linked mechanisms and this rule is holding so well that there is little reason to search for such a cause in conditions showing dominant inheritance (4). Carnosinemia is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning that both parents have to be carriers in order for the child to be effected. The commonest approach has been to provide a diet deprived of an offending constituent, the greatest experience having been obtained with the treatment by this means of phenylketonuria and galactosaemia (4). When researched no known treatment could be neither found, nor any experimental treatments for this disease. Not enough people suffer from this disease to make experimentation worthwhile for scientists. Dietary restriction is by no means the only approach to therapy and in disorders of many essential amino-acids may not even be feasible (4). Such is the case for carnosinemia and h istidine deficiency. In conclusion, the study of histidine has spanned more than 40 years and is still very much ongoing. The two main study specimens that have been used to study the Histidine pathway are E. coli and S. typhimurium. The pathway is comprised of 10 steps in which it starts at ATP and ends with Histidine. From there is can be transformed into a number of different compounds including Histamine and Haemoglobin. There are seven genes that make up the Histidine pathway and they are located on six different chromosomes in eukaryotes. Histidine intake is mostly dietary because it is so costly for the body to make it. Which is why Histidinuria is found especially in children and pregnant women. They also found the Histidine deficiency can cause many developmental delays, and was found in a some of the mentally challenged people tested in Northern Ireland. Histidine makes up Carnosine in the human body which is very important for those with diabetes. It has been found that Carnosine may have a pr otective factor for those with type 2 diabetes. It may prevent those with type 2 diabetes from developing a severe case of nephropathy. It was also found to help lower LDL without causing cholesterol buildup like some of the drugs on the market today. This is why Carnosine is so important in the human body. Carnosinemia is a very serious disease and there is no known cure or treatment for it. The symptoms of Carnosinemia range from cognitive impairment to seizures. Unfortunately this disease can’t be fixed with diet, and there are no known medications or treatments for this disease. Carnosinemia is a very serious disease caused by a deficiency of Histidine. References Alifano, P.; Fani, R; Lià ², P.; Lazcano, A.; Bazzicalupo, M.; Carlomagno, M. S.; Bruni, C.B. Histidine Biosynthetic Pathway and Genes: Structure, Regulation, and Evolution. Am. Soc. For Microbiology. 1996, Vol. 60, 44-69. Encyclopedia Britannica. Operon. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/429974/operon (accessed Nov 25, 2014). Amino Acid Studies. L-histidine. http://aminoacidstudies.org/l-histidine/ (accessed Nov 25, 2014). Raine, D. N. Management of Inherited Metabolic Disease. British Medical Journal. 1972, Vol.2, 329-336. Rashid, I.; van Reyk, D. M.; Davies, M. J. Carnosine and its constituents inhibit gylcation of low-density lipoproteins that promotes foam cell formation in vitro. Federation of European Biochemical Societies. 2007, 1067-1070. Sauerhofer, S.; Yuan, G.; Braun, G. S.; Deinzer, M.; Neumaier, M.; Gretz, N.; Floege, J.; Kriz, W.; van der Woude, F.; Moeller, M. J. L-Carnosine, a Substrate of Carnosinase-1, Influences Glucose Metabolism. Diabetes. 2007, Vol. 56, 2425-2432 Lenner, J. F.; Pepper, S. C.; Kucera-Orallo, C. M.; George, R. P. Characterization of human tissue carnosinase. Biochem. J. 1985, 653-660. Everaert, I.; Taes, Y.; De Heer, E.; Baelde, H.; Zutinic, A.; Yard, B.; Sauerhofer, S.; Vanhee, L.; Delanghe, J.; Aldini, G.; Derave, W. Low plasma carnosinase activity promotes carnosinemia after Carnosine ingestion in humans. American Physiological Society. 2012, F1537-F1544. Carson, N. A. J.; Neill, D. W. Metabolic Abnormalities Detected in a Survey of Mentally Backward Individuals in Northern Ireland. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 1962, 505-513. Kanehisa Laboratories. Histidine metabolism-Reference pathway. http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?org_name=mapmapno=00340mapscale=show_description=hide (accessed Nov 25, 2014). University of Bristol. Histamine in the body. http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/histamine/jm/body.htm (accessed Nov 25, 2014). National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Carnosinemia. http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/gard/6001/carnosinemia/resources/9 (accessed Nov 30, 2014). Orpha. Prevalence of rare disease: Bibliographic data. Orphanet Series [online] 2014, 8 http://www.orpha.net/orphacom/cahiers/docs/GB/Prevalence_of_rare_diseases_by_alphabetical_list.pdf

Of Power and Piety: An Inquisition into The Roman Catholic Church Essa

Religion is thought to provide comfort to the innermost part of a human: the soul. However, what happens when religion seeks to overstep its rightful boundaries and attempts to control humans from the outside, rather than uplift them from within. Such is the fault of the largest religious organization on Earth: The Roman Catholic Church. Throughout history, the Catholic Church has been among the most infamous of faith-groups due to its apparent conquest for absolute dominance over the minds, bodies, and souls of humanity. The Roman Catholic Church has and continues to play a negative role in the world with respect to the fields of science, politics, and culture, undermining the quality of life for adherents and infidels alike. The Church has and continues to impede humanity’s quest for knowledge and prosperity through its repression of science. As well, it has been involved in among the most infamous events throughout history. Finally, the Church has made its blatant that it s eeks to turn back the hands of time worth respect to progressive social change through tis preaching of its archaic attitudes on contemporary social issues. The Roman Catholic Church has throughout history, impeded scientific discovery, which thereby impaired humanity’s progress towards better understanding of and prospering in the world. Being the most â€Å"catholic† of the world’s faiths, the church has wielded an uncanny grip over the hearts and minds of a large portion of the human race; this was its source of power. To ensure that this power would never be lost, the church had to appeal to all faculties of the human condition, including those of wondering and reason. To this end, the church only tolerated explanations of the workings of the universe that w... ...578d3124b4%40sessionmgr11&bdata=Jmxhbmc9ZW4tY2Emc2l0ZT1wb3YtY2Fu# db=p3h&AN=1639206 Robinson, B.A. "The role of the Roman Catholic Church in the Shoah (Nazi Holocaust)." religious tolerance.org. Retrieved from http://www.religioustolerance.org/vat_hol12.htm "The Decline of the Church Authority.†. Albalagh Retrieved from http://www.albalagh.net/kids/history/church_decline.shtml Dickson White, Andrew. "A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom." University of Michigan Center for the Study of Complex Systems. Retrieved from http://cscs.umich.edu/~crshalizi/White/ Hawkes, Charles, and Jennifer Watt. What Makes us Human. Images of society: introduction to anthropology, psychology, and sociology. Toronto. McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2001. Pg39.

Studying Abroad or Studying At Home Essay

Studying abroad has become very fashionable for many residents. Many students seek the opportunities to study overseas to create a bright future and achieve childhood dreams. People who prefer to leave their home and study abroad seemed to be searching for educational satisfaction over their entire desire. Homesickness and culture shock besides unsafe environment are only a few problems of what an expat may face. It is believed that students shouldn’t leave their home to study abroad. The first reason why we should encourage students to pursue education locally is that a student studying locally doesn’t need to learn how to speak the local language of the foreign country that’s because they already known it. This will help avoid any communication problems between the students and their surroundings. Students can mix and blend with fellow classmates and teachers with ease. Moreover, students would be closer to home, being able to see and communicate with their loved people. Learning to live without a family is difficult and hard to cope with especially if someone was far alone from friends’ support and help. Another reason why a student shouldn’t leave their homeland to study abroad is the difficulties of moving. Studying locally is not as expensive compared to studying overseas. Students would not need to rent apartment as they can stay in the house they have been living in. Winter clothing, which also costs a lot of money, is not needed for those who are planning to study in western side. Local calls are also far cheaper than international calls for people who study outside of their country. More important, as a foreign student, students will experience distinct traditions and customs from that of their homeland and influence by their behaviors and norms. Students sometimes encounter with cultural shock. In different country things can be different than our habits. It is difficult  to get used to live in a foreign country. Traditions, habits and people are different and besides this it takes time to learn what their traditions and habits are. Culture shock also causes student not to be social and feel homesick. Students might miss their environment, family and friends. The opponents argue that studying abroad has many advantages, such as the advanced courses and developed approaches and facilities and the glory name of the western universities. They think that could expand student outlook and autonomy. However, local universities have encouraged students to study at home by opining international and famous worldwide university branches in its land. Furthermore, these universities branches are not less significance than the main branch in its original country. The counterarguments may think that speaking the language is better when someone lives between native people of the language. However, governments established many numbers of language institutes whose crew exclude native speakers. To conclude, studying locally is the best choice for students who are looking for satisfactory ad high level of education. People should be proud of pursuing education in homeland universities, where the difficulties of alienation can be avoided. By studying locally, there is no need to speak the language and moved on, only to enjoy studying among your loved people and to live dreams.

Religious Tolerance

Religious Tolerance In spite of the constant existence of religious fanaticism and prejudice experienced in most parts of the word, there has been a notable growth in religious tolerance.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Religious Tolerance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The view that diverse religions as well as spiritual customs have a suitable approach has recently become more prevalent. In the contemporary world, religion is continually being characterized by the adherence of one true religion. In the past, some religions were viewed with a lot of contempt and were usually seen as forms of myths or superstitions. This notwithstanding, the concept of religious harmony is progressively being embraced by many nations which adhere to many religions. This essay presents an outlook of some of the major religions practiced throughout the world and the extent to which they have contributed to religious tolerance. These religions include, H indu-Buddhist, Chinese Religion as well as Abrahamic monotheism. Hindu-Buddhist In order to indicate religious tolerance, some aspects of Buddhism have been incorporated in Hinduism. For instance, in Hinduism, Buddha is usually seen as an Avatar of Vishnu. As recorded by the Puranic text Bhagavata Purana, among the twenty-five avatars, Buddha is the twenty-fourth avatar predicting an impending incarnation. Moreover, the majority of Hindu customs describe Buddha as the latest among the ten principal avatars that are identified as the DaÅ›Ä vatÄ ra, which means the Ten Incarnations of God (Fernandez, 2010). However, Buddhas traditions are said to oppose the authority of the Vedas as a result of which Buddhism is regarded as heterodox school. Owing to the variety of teachings within Hinduism, there is no definite perspective or agreement on the Buddhas precise position with regards to the Vedic tradition. The position of the Buddha as the avatar who principally endorsed non-viol ence continues to be an accepted conviction in several contemporary Vaishnava organizations which include ISKCON (Stietencron, 2005). Moreover, other outstanding contemporary proponents of Hinduism, who include Vivekananda as well as Radhakrishnan, regard Buddha as an instructor of an unchanged universal truth that triggers all other religions represented in the world. According to these proponents, Hinduism is distinctively valuable as it recognizes the fact that all religions are one. The Vaishnava sect of Maharashtra, identified as Varkari, adores Lord Vithoba. Despite the fact that Vithoba is generally viewed as form of little Krishna, for several years, there have been a strong conviction that Vithoba is a form of Buddha.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This has been echoed by several poets of the Maharashtra such as Tukaram and Eknath who have clearly referred to him as Buddha. The representation of Vithoba as an avatar of Vishnu has mostly been associated with Buddha in an effort to incorporate Buddhism within the Hindu customs. Traditions of Buddha have also been uniquely integrated in Varkari Vaishnavism as well as the conventional Vedic values. In an attempt to explore the contemporary Hindu opinion on Buddhism, it is important to consider the question of whether, or to what extent, Buddhism is a component of Hinduism. Even though the integrity of Hinduism, cannot be weakened in case all the exclusively Buddhist elements were left out, some Hinduism details would definitely be insufficiently elaborated or less emphasized. In most cases, the Buddhist fundamentals do not differ from the Atmanists, even though they represent a more elaborate statement of the law of causality as the indispensable mark of the world of Becoming (Stietencron, 2005). The Chinese Religion China is a country that is usually known for its widespread diversity i n religious beliefs. The major religions in China include Taoism, Buddhism, Islam, Protestantism as well as Catholicism. According to the Chinese constitution, the citizens of the country are allowed to choose and express their religious values and affiliations freely. According to recent research, there are approximately 100 million followers that adhere to a variety of religious faiths, at least 85,000 sites where religious functions can be held, around 300,000 clergy and more than 3,000 religious organizations in China (Fernandez, 2010). Furthermore, China has at least 76 religious schools as well as colleges which are mainly run by religious organizations guiding the clerics. In China, Buddhism records a history of about 2,000 years. Today, the country holds 13,000 Buddhist temples which contain at least 200,000 Buddhist monks and nuns. In addition, China has about 3,000 Tibetan Buddhism temples and almost 10,000 Bhiksu and senior nuns, and not less than 1,600 temples of Pali Bu ddhism. On the other hand, Taoism, is native to China, and records a history of not less than 1,700 years. Currently, the country has about 1,600 Taoist temples and not less than 25,000 Taoist monks as well as clerics. Conversely, Islam and Catholicism came into China during the seventh century.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Religious Tolerance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Currently, China has at least ten national minorities, 18 million of whom come from Hui and Uygur, who mainly conform to the Islamic faith. China has a minimum of 30,000 mosques which are mainly directed by 40,000 Akhunds and Imams. On the other hand, Catholicism did not spread widely until after the Opium War in 1840. Today, China has a minimum of four million Catholics, led by 4,000 clergy. However, Protestantism was introduced in China at the beginning of the 19th century. The religion only spread widely after the Opium War. At present, C hina has at least 10 million Protestants, 18,000 clergy and 12,000 protestant churches. Furthermore, China has several religious organizations which include; Taoist Association of China, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association, Buddhist Association of China, Islamic Association of China, China Christian Council, Three-Self Patriotic Movement Committee of the Protestant Churches of China and Chinese Catholic Bishops College. In China, the religious leaders as well as the leading bodies in most religious organizations are often ordained with regards to their distinctive set of laws. In China, all the major religious activities are mainly held at designated sites or in believers homes in harmony with the normal religious customs such as the worship of Buddha, church going, rehearsing scriptures, praying, observing Mass, baptizing followers, monkhood instigation, fasting, commemorating religious festivals among others. In China, all these activities are protected by the Chinese constitut ion, the dealings of religious bodies as well as the believers and hence are not liable to be interfered with. This notwithstanding, the 1976 Cultural Revolution in China had a devastating outcome especially on the aspect of religion. However, in an attempt to correct the mistakes of the Cultural Revolution, the Chinese government made great efforts to revitalize and execute the policy of freedom of worship. It also rectified the unfair and false cases which had been imposed on religious personages, and revived several sites for religious activities. As a matter of fact, since 1980, above 600 Protestant churches are built annually. Moreover, by 1996 at least 18 million Bibles had been produced. This was achieved through some special tax exception treatment which hastened the publication. In addition, at least 8.5 million hymn books have already been dispensed. Furthermore, between 1958 and 1995 128 Catholic bishops had been ordained by the Chinese Catholic church. During this period , at least 900 young Catholic priests have been teaches and persuades the religious leaders to unite all religious believers in order to dynamically contribute to the development of the country. The religious believers in China have developed a habit of loving their nation and respecting other religions.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More All the different religions in China embark in serving the society and supporting the citizen’s interests. This can be seen in instances where the Buddhists engage in activities that honor the country and assist the citizens, the Catholics and Protestants worship God and support the people, the Taoists undertake compassionate, diplomatic and harmonious activities, saving the people and the Islams pray to Allah to reward this world at present and in future. All the Chinese religions have equivalent status and co-exist in harmony. As a matter of fact, religious disagreements are rare in China. A big percentage of religious followers as well as the non-believers acknowledge and revere each other. For these reasons, the religions in China indicate the influence of Chinese compatibility and religious tolerance, and the implementation of the right of religious belief. China has set up a politico-religious relationship that matches to the country’s national conditions. Abraha mic Monotheism The term monotheism originates from the Greek term ‘monos’, which signifies one and ‘theos’, representing god. Therefore, monotheism can be described as a belief in the existence of one god. Since monotheism is based on the notion that only one god exists, those who conform to monotheism also believe that this god formed all that exists in the world and is thus entirely independent. This is what is presented in Abrahamic monotheism which comprises Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Sikhism (Fernandez, 2010). With regards to Islam, God is represented as undifferentiated, everlasting, incomparable and not by any means anthropomorphic. However, several of these monotheistic religions are often limited in nature. They not only believe in one god but also rebuff the existence of the gods of any religious denominations. At times, the followers of monotheistic religions view other alleged gods as elements or manifestations of their single utmost god. However, this is rare and mainly happens when shifting from polytheism to monotheism, when explaining why other gods should be done away with. In view of Christianity, God is represented as being anthropomorphic as he is signified by three persons in one. For this reasons, monotheistic religions worship different types of gods. The main thing that they have in common is the focus on a distinct god. Abrahamic Monotheism has its source from Abraham who was Jewish. According to the biblical book of Genesis, Abraham, together with his household, obeyed the instructions of their God whom they referred to as Yahweh. Abraham’s people developed into the people of Israel who produced Judaism, the initial monotheistic religion, and only prayed to Yahweh their god. This was during the second millennium B.C. Later, in the first millennium CE both Christianity and Islam based their teachings upon Judaism and came up with novel religions that worshiped this god. As it expanded, Christiani ty spread to several parts of the world. It was mainly established around the Mediterranean Sea and then spread to Europe and into other continents in the mid-second millennium CE, during the era of colonization. Today, Christianity has become widespread especially in North America and southern America, Australia and in some parts of Africa. On the other hand, Islam rapidly spread into the Middle East and the northern half of Africa, from where it headed eastwards, colonizing the Indian sub-continent and spread into Indonesia and Malaysia which currently composes the most crowded Muslim nation. Currently, Christianity contains approximately one third of the worlds population, which is about 2.3 billion people. On the other hand, Islam follows with approximately one quarter of the worlds population, which comprises around1.8 billion followers. The third largest religion is Hinduism which emanated from India. The nation has approximately one billion followers which is about 14 percent of the worlds population. The majority of Buddhists reside in Asia, and their population ranges from 300 to 350 million followers. As a result of the exclusivity that characterize monotheistic religions, they have been seen to display less religious tolerance as compared to polytheistic religions such as Hindu-Buddhist which has managed to integrate the gods and values of other denominations with relative ease. Abrahamic monotheism can only achieve this without admitting it and while refuting any authenticity or legitimacy to others faiths. In conclusion, it is clear that Abrahamic monotheism comprise the largest religions in the world. Religious tolerance in these religions is limited as they are characterized by little unity as both Islam and Christianity are highly wary of each other. Most religious groups under Abrahamic monotheism scarcely, acknowledge that they are members of the same religious body. For these reasons, Abrahamic monotheism contains several, wrangling members. On the other hand, the Chinese religions indicate more compatibility and religious tolerance which is seen through the mutual religious relationship that exists in the country. Moreover, Hinduism and Buddhism represent immense religious tolerance as they are seen to incorporate aspects of each other’s beliefs. However, governments and religious leaders should endeavor to revitalize and execute the policies of freedom of worship and thus promote religious tolerance. Reference List Fernandez, F. (2011). World: Brief history. New York: Prentice Hall, Inc. Stietencron, H. (2005). Hindu myth: Hindu history. New York: Prentice Hall.

Death Penalty in the United States

Death Penalty in the United States Free Online Research Papers The death Penalty has in recent times come up as an issue of debate among governments and institutions with some against it while others have support for it. This is a discussion about the death penalty in the united states specifically on the states that are up against it I.e New York and Iowa. It will be find out why these two states abolished the death Penalty and the reasons behind it. Death Penalty in New York and Iowa The united states comprises of various states which are governed by individual laws and order. The death penalty is one law and order that is as much applied differently to various states. The states of New York and Iowa are some of the states among others that have abolished the death Penalty. The states of Hawaii and Minnesota among others are some of the states that use the death penalty in their system. The State of New York house of senate has debated and disapproved the death penalty without majority support of support from the people of the state. Thus it seems the State of New York has agreed satisfactorily as a People to abolish the death Penalty. The State of Iowa Remains Embattled in with the death penalty law. Time and time again the house of senate has continued to debate the issue disapproving it without majority of support. New Yorks Death penalty was abolished in la Valle. There are various factors that contributed to the abolishment of the death penalty in new York state including racial problems, religious views, mental illness, costs, innocence, and deterrence, among other subjects. Much of the legal landscape had changed by. There had been new technological developments such as the use of DNA in determination of murder cases where it was found that some had become victims of circumstances and therefore they had been convicted wrongfully (Death Penalty Information Center, US) The death Penalty is a serious issue in the Legal justice system since if someone is convicted wrongfully and sentenced to death, the mistake can never be corrected. What is more compelling is when a family member becomes a victim of the death penalty, the sad emotions the family members undergo through is unjustifiable as their loved one was convicted innocently. These among others such as the defendants future dangerousness is not a statutory aggravator that the jury is told to consider, that is to say that if someone committed death to another person , it may be because he was out of control of his normal human functioning capacity. The defendant may undergo guidance and counseling and revoke to ideal ethics thus not become harmful to others in the future. Thus as it comes out clearly that the death penalty was loosing more and more ground as put out by various witnesses to determine the legality of death penalty. It was evident that the death penalty was unconstitutional since it breached the bill of rights of the defendant despite infringing on the bill of rights of the victim (Death Penalty Information Center, US) Despite Iowa law not proving for the death penalty, in October 2004 Dustin Honken was sentenced to death in the federal court system for the 1993 murders of three adults and two children. Angela Johnson was the first woman to be executed in Iowa for the death penalty. She had been found guilty against six victims. It was found that the federal law was imposed on Iowa; a state, may be because of the special circumstances surrounding the case. Majority of Iowans have been found to favor capital punishment according to public opinions carried out in the recent past. In Iowa the death penalty is still an issue for discussion following the historic developments of debate among the senate members. The Senate has voted without majority of support from both house of representatives with the republicans voting overwhelmingly in favor of the abolishment of the death penalty while the democrats offering little support. (Death Penality Information Center, US) Conclusion The issue of Death Penalty in the United States continues to solicit mixed reactions and debates without a clear decision being reached among all the states legal systems in America. This Could be attributed to the mixed racial backgrounds and culture among the US citizens. For sure the death Penalty code will continue to be abolished or dissolved now and the future depending on the circumstances of which representatives has a majority in house( democrat or republican) Its an issue left to the congressmen of both house of representatives to decide now and often depending on changing times. Republicans seems to vote overwhelmingly for the death penalty while democrats tend to vote against it. The decision on whether to abolish or support the death penalty will definitely be left on future generations to decide References Death Penalty Information Center, US (2010) Iowans Against the Death Penalty (2010) Research Papers on Death Penalty in the United StatesCapital PunishmentThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Fifth HorsemanBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresPETSTEL analysis of IndiaComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

Relationship between Academia and Practice Essay

Relationship between Academia and Practice - Essay Example In a clear scenario, it is supposed that a person needs academic training in Medicine to be a doctor; whereas another person needs training in Education to be a teacher. However though, the issue of whether or not people explicitly apply the knowledge they acquire in school to their occupation is a debate that will continue for good. The same phenomenon exists with the conduct of research. A lot of people argue that a person does not need personal experience or academic knowhow to conduct research in a particular area of operation. To others though, without personal experience and academic qualification, it is not possible to undertake a research in a said area of practice. This essay seeks to examine these two points of view. Do you have to have personal experience of a specific area of practice in order to be able to conduct research into it? According to the Cambridge Dictionaries Online (2003), a research is â€Å"a detailed study of a subject, especially in order to discover (n ew) information or reach a (new) understanding.† From this definition, it can be established that research is conducted purposely to come out with or identify new area of knowledge. To this effect, it can be said that there would not be the need for a research if the researcher embarking the research is sure of what the result of the research would be. This therefore makes it logically right to argue that research is in itself an act of learning as learning also concerns itself with the acquisition of new ideas (Boateng, 2001). For this reason, it is possible to conduct research in a specific area of practice even in the absence of personal experience. This is because we all start learning specific concepts without any person experiences in the said concept. However though, the need to have some level of personal experience in the area of research only gives the researcher additional benefits though it does not serve as prerequisite condition to enable one undertake a research in a particular area. With personal experience and having learnt about a specific area of practice, the researcher is put in a position to easily understand occurrences in the field of research. Personal experience in the conduct of research also makes the handling, analysis and use of data collected very easy, meaningful and useful. Do you have to fully understand the theory of research in order to conduct research in a business environment? It has been said earlier that research is in itself an act of learning and so as we all start learning without any foreknowledge of the concepts to be taught but we most of the time end up excelling in the courses we started learning about. However, there can be a school of thought that would argue that one also needs to know how to learn because successful learning can take place. Going by the latter argument, it can be said that if one does not have total understanding of the theory of research, conducting research in the business environmen t would be a fiasco especially as the business environment has been identified to be very volatile. It must be noted that business research involves a lot of technical calculations and manipulation of figures, which require only people with background. As noted by Jenlink (2009), â€Å"There is a blurring of boundaries in the knowledge-practice and inquiry-practice relationships that define both the learning to lead and the practice of leading in the educational setting.† Therefore, the absence of a full understanding of the theory of research (as an academia) would make research in the business environment (as practice) extremely challenging. Does research that is designed by practitioners, with little or no influence of academic theory incorporated, of any value in assisting practitioners

Organizational culture is fundamentally about symbolic meaning and as Essay - 6

Organizational culture is fundamentally about symbolic meaning and as such cannot be managed. Discuss - Essay Example The reason for such is that once a given culture is introduced into an organization, it ceases to become part of the manageable aspect of the organization but becomes a self regulatory aspect which anybody who joins the system in any rank automatically becomes assimilated into. This is the trend in most organizations. The following discourse mainly focuses on organizational cultures in view of their symbolic meanings and the implications they have on managements. The standards adopted or entrenched in the cultural domain of an organization are very important determinants in its productivity and overall performance. The quality of the customer care service, for instance, is one of the symbolic natures of the organizational attitude since this is the point of the first interaction between a client and the organization’s staff. It is imperative to note that even the quality of the products, levels of safety, and environmental care policies are basis of a firm’s tradition t hat can hardly be altered through the management process. This extends to the marketing mix techniques of a firm, methods of value creation, and the desire to develop new products in the market. The organization must also have a predetermined management structure. It is important to note that the culture of an organization is the symbol of its identity. Consequently, it is not easy to be changed by emerging management dynamics. It is a tradition that gradually grows with the company and ends up defining its overall operational discourse. This simply means that even if a new person is recruited into the firm in any position, one would be compelled to do things in line with the path of action already created. The tradition of an organization also looks like a template onto which all the guidelines towards the anticipated behaviors judged against. It is worth noting that an organization is just like any other social entity with many people working towards achieving a specific goal just like in the rest of the society. In that respect, it can be compared to the general society where, in most cases, the norms are not written anywhere but generations change without manipulating any aspect of the age old traditions. Besides, every generation is always compelled to conform to the dictates of existing norms. The way each organization runs its activities is always unique. This even includes such aspects as public perception of the organization which end up defining the organizational culture. These features are always based on beliefs, attitudes, and customs of the organization. They must always be adhered to for smooth working relations and comfortable working environments. This is not an issue of an overnight arrangement but it is built over a long period of time until it becomes the basis of all the policies of the organization which even the top managers cannot deviate from through any managerial action. The organizational culture is simply a platform on which a man agement tests and implements organizational policies. Take the case of the social standard of top brass managers and how they relate to other employees or members of the public; this is likely to give the true picture of a company (Woodside, 2010). The behavioral conduct of the organizatio